Bed Bugs
Latin Name: Cimex lectularius
Bed bugs are small, parasitic insects known for their ability to infest homes and feed on the blood of humans and animals. These pests are reddish-brown, flat, and oval-shaped, typically about the size of an apple seed when fully grown. Despite their small size, bed bugs are easy to identify once you know their characteristics. Juvenile bed bugs, or nymphs, are smaller and translucent, making them harder to spot. Bed bugs don't have wings and cannot fly, but they are excellent at crawling and hiding in cracks and crevices, particularly in beds, mattresses, furniture, and baseboards.
Bed bugs survive by feeding exclusively on blood, which they obtain through bites while their host is asleep. They can live for several months without a meal, allowing them to hide undetected for long periods. Bed bugs are usually introduced into homes through luggage, clothing, used furniture, or even by hitching a ride on pets or humans after being in an infested location. High-traffic areas such as hotels, dormitories, and public transportation are common sources of bed bug infestations. Once inside, they spread quickly and establish themselves in hidden areas, often near their host's sleeping quarters.
Bed bug bites often appear as small, red welts or bumps, typically in clusters or a zigzag pattern. The bites can be itchy and may cause mild irritation or allergic reactions in some individuals. Unlike flea bites, which tend to occur around the ankles, bed bug bites are commonly found on exposed skin, such as the arms, neck, or face. However, the appearance of bites alone isn't a definitive way to confirm a bed bug infestation, as they can be mistaken for other insect bites or skin conditions.
If you suspect a bed bug problem, prompt action is crucial to prevent the infestation from worsening. Look for other signs of bed bugs, such as rust-colored stains from crushed bugs, dark fecal spots, or shed skins near bedding and furniture. Professional pest control services are often the most effective way to eliminate bed bugs and ensure they don't return.